In Africa, where greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are generally low and where most of the population is dependent on rain-fed agriculture for food security and livelihoods, adaptation to climate change is becoming a key focus area for many governments and institutions.

While the African contribution to greenhouse gas emissions is a fraction of the global problem, the continent is very vulnerable to climate change, facing global temperature increases and more frequent extreme weather (droughts and floods).

Climate change is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and is in addition to natural climate
variability observed over comparable time periods.